Syringes

Classification of medical syringes

A syringe is a medical instrument used for injections, diagnostic procedures, punctures, and aspiration of fluids from cavities.

Syringes are classified by:

• Volume;
• their purpose;
• Design characteristics.

By volume

Syringes are classified by volume into small-volume, standard-volume and large-volume syringes.

Small-volume sy ringes (0.3, 0.5, and 1 ml) are used for precise drug administration, e.g., insulin syringe, tuberculin syringe, and for vaccinations and sampling in allergology.

Standard size syringes (2 , 5 , 10 , 20 , 30 ml) are very common as they are universally used for all types of injections (subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous).

Large volume syringes (50, 60, 100, 150 ml) are not used for direct injection, but for dosed administration of preparations, flushing of body cavities, aspiration of fluids, feeding through a tube, etc.

Purpose

Insulin syringe - for administration of insulin (hormone produced by pancreas) in case of diabetes.

Tuberculin syringe - for performing tuberculin tests (Mantoux tests).

Jeane syringe - often of large volume (100, 150, 200, 250, 500 ml), used for the following purposes: Irrigation of the patient's body cavity, enteral feeding, catheterization, infusion, aspiration of fluids, etc.

Carpulas syringe - Used in dentistry for the administration of anesthetics.

Syringe - Used for professional self-treatment of patients without professional assistance.

Syringe - For immobilizing animals by remote administration of a drug that has an appropriate effect.

Self-locking (self-destructive) syringes - their special feature: the presence of a self-destructive mechanism integrated into the syringe. Once the mechanism is activated, it is impossible to use the syringe again. The use of these syringes leads to a reduction in the risk of infection.

Structure

Syringes are divided into two-component and three-component syringes.

Two-component syringes consist of two parts: a cylinder and a plunger.

Three-component syringes consist of three parts: the cylinder, the plunger and the plunger (seal) of the plunger.

Type of connector

"Luer slip" - The needle is simply inserted.

"Luer lock" - the needle is screwed straight onto the thread that runs inside the needle head.

In this version, the needle is better fixed to the cylinder and does not fly away.

Position of the syringe tip

The position of the syringe tip can be either centered (aligned with the cylinder) or lateral (eccentric).

Centered is for syringes

Lateral or centered for syringes with a nominal volume > 5 ml.